ADVERBIAL CLAUSE

1.       Advebial clause of Place,Time,Reason,and Contrast

      An adverbial may be a single word such as quickly,here or yesterday ; a pharase such as the day before yesterday or to see my mother;or a clause,containing a subject and a full verb. Look at the examples.

Adverb:                                                I went to the hospital yesterday                                               (SIMPLE SENTENCE)

Adverb phrase:                 I went to the hospital after office hours                                (SIMPLE  SENTENCE)

Adverbial clauses             I went to the hospital after I finished my work   (COMPLEX SENTECE)

ADVERBIAL CLAUSE

TYPES	SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTIONS	EXAMPLES
Place	WHERE,WHEREVER	·         He is  swimming where all athletes are swimming there
Time	After, as soon as, Before, Since, Until, When, as long as	·         He is swimming until he is tired ·         When I was in high school, I had two close friends ·         As long as someone has good social skills, he will succeed as a leader
Reason	as, Because, Since	·         He is study hard because he want to pass exam ·         Many people resent graffiti since some of the drawings are gross and improper
Contrast	Although, Even though, Whereas, While, Despite	·         He is swimming although it is raining hard ·         Men often see women as potential lovers while women see their male friends as true friends

v  Adverbial Clause Of Contrast

Ø  Concessive

A concessive adverbial clause of contrast shows unexpected results.

A comma is NOT USED when the main clause comes first.

Conjunctions: although, even though, despite the fact that

Examples:

-          Although Bubu  is only a puppy , he understands verbal instructions.

-          Bubu climbs skillfully although he is not a cat

Ø  ADVERSATIVE

An adversative adverbial clause of contrast shows direct opposition.

A comma is USED although the main clause comes first.

Conjunction: While, Whereas

Examples:

-          Meong eats fish, whereas Guguk prefers dog biscuits

2.       Adverbial Clause of purpose and Result

An adverbial clause of purpose use  when you wish to express the purpose of an action. It is common to use to-infinitive to state a purpose. In formal writing,however, In order to,so that, in order that and so as to are often use.

·         Many giant motor manufacturers are working in serious projects in order that consumers are able to enjoy hybrid cars as soon as possible

·         The climate in  Jakarta is so hot so that people consider buying air conditioner

Adverbial clause of result

An adverbial clause of result is used to indicate the result of an action or situation. The independent clause is introduce by conjuctions such as so … that and such…..that

·         Rara studied so hard that she got sick

·         Rara studied such a hard way that she got sick

3.       Adverbial Clause of Condition

Type 1: Present Real (review)

·         If the train does not arrive on  time, I’m gonna be very late

·         They can be successful if they want to learn

·         We will definitely get lost if you leave us here

·         Will you come to his house if he invites you?

Type 2: Present unreal(review)

Conditional clause type 2 is used to talk about a situation that is contrary to fact-a situation.

Examples:

·         If Mr. and Mrs. Santoso weren’t  such loving  parents, they wouldn’t care about Bima.

Fact:  Mr. and Mrs santoso are loving parents, so they care about Bima.

·         Bima would be jealous of his brother if he didn’t have strong emotional intelligences.

Fact: Bima has strong emotional intelligences, so he’s not jealous

Look at the pattern

IF-CLAUSE	Result Clause
IF  + simple past tense	Would/could + infinitive  without to
IF Mr. and Mrs. Santoso weren’t such loving parents,	They wouldn’t care about Bima
If Bima didn’t have strong emotional intelligene	He would be jealou of his brother

Type 3: Past Unreal

·         It’s our own faulth.If you had done your homework, our teacher wouldn’t have punished you this morning

(FACT :YOU DID NOT DO YOUR HOMEWORK,SO OUR TEACHER PUNISHED YOU THIS MORNING)

·         The shopkeepers wouldn’t hae have been able to complete the railroad project if the hinese immigrants hadn’t come

·         If strobridge hadn’t used nitroglycerin, many people wouldn’t have been killed

Past perfect + would have + V3

Mixed type

·         If they had not built cipularang toll road, We would still have to take the old route via cipans or purwkarta

1&3 Past perfect+Would have